Obesity and Diabetes

Blood sugar levels are regulated by a loop incorporating two components, the beta cells which secrete insulin, and the insulin-sensitive tissues (liver, muscle, adipose) which respond to it. Low blood glucose levels control might result from failure of the beta cells to secrete insulin, the resistance of the tissues to its action, or a combination of both.

Weight gain causes a raise in insulin resistance, which results in the weakening of glucose control. The rising blood sugar (glucotoxicity) accelerates beta-cell apoptosis directly altogether and, by inducing beta-cell immunogens, further accelerates it during a subset genetically predisposed to autoimmunity. Body mass is central to the advancement and promotes the incidence of all diabetes.